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Alief (mental state)
In philosophy and psychology, an alief is an automatic or habitual belief-like attitude, particularly one that is in tension with a person’s explicit beliefs.
For example, a person standing on a transparent balcony may ''believe'' that they are safe, but ''alieve'' that they are in danger. A person watching a sad movie may ''believe'' that the characters are completely fictional, but their ''aliefs'' may lead them to cry nonetheless. A person who is hesitant to eat fudge that has been formed into the shape of feces, or who exhibits reluctance in drinking from a sterilized bedpan may ''believe'' that the substances are safe to eat and drink, but may ''alieve'' that they are not. And a person who ''believes'' in racial equality may nonetheless have ''aliefs'' -- subtle patterns of response associated with their implicit attitudes -- that cause them to treat people of different racial groups in subtly different ways.
The term ''alief'' was introduced by Tamar Gendler, a Professor of Philosophy and Cognitive Science at Yale University, in a pair of influential articles published in 2008. Since the publication of these original articles, the notion of alief has been utilized by Gendler and others—including Paul Bloom〔Paul Bloom, ''How Pleasure Works: The New Science of Why We Like What We Like''. New York: W. W. Norton & Co〕 and Daniel Dennett〔Ryan T. McKay & Daniel Dennett, "The Evolution of Misbelief" Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009), 32:493–510 Cambridge University Press. 〕—to explain a range of psychological phenomena in addition to those listed above, including the pleasure of stories,〔Paul Bloom, ''How Pleasure Works: The New Science of Why We Like What We Like''. New York: W. W. Norton & Co〕 the persistence of positive illusions,〔Ryan T. McKay and Daniel C. Dennett, "The Evolution of Misbelief," Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 32 , Issue 06 , Dec 2009 , pp 493–510 〕 certain religious beliefs,〔K. M. Hodge, "On Imagining the Afterlife," ''Journal of Cognition and Culture''〕 and certain psychiatric disturbances, such as phobias and obsessive–compulsive disorder.〔Ryan T. McKay and Daniel C. Dennett, "The Evolution of Misbelief," Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 32 , Issue 06, Dec 2009 , pp 493–510 〕
== References ==
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